:root{--paper:#f5f4f0;--surface:#fff;--surface-2:#ece9e2;--ink:#141a18;--muted:#5e6863;--line:#d8ddd8;--primary:#1f3f37;--primary-strong:#17332c;--secondary:#315f78;--accent:#c7643a;--success:#2e7d5a;--warning:#a9781f;--error:#b2493a;--info:#335f8a;--white:#fff;--shadow-sm:0 10px 28px #141a180a;--shadow-md:0 18px 44px #141a1814;--radius-sm:4px;--radius-md:8px;--radius-lg:8px;--content-max:1240px;font-family:"Source Sans 3",ui-sans-serif,sans-serif}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;color:var(--ink);background:var(--paper)}body{background:var(--paper);min-width:320px;color:var(--ink);margin:0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.6}img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}a{color:inherit;text-underline-offset:.18em;text-decoration-color:#1f3f374d}a:hover{color:var(--primary)}h1,h2,h3,h4{letter-spacing:0;margin:0;font-family:Archivo,ui-sans-serif,sans-serif;line-height:1.06}h1{max-width:13ch;font-size:clamp(2.75rem,6vw,4rem)}h2{font-size:clamp(1.9rem,3.8vw,2.75rem)}h3{font-size:1.35rem}p,ul,ol,blockquote{margin:0}button,.button{border:1px solid var(--primary);border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--primary);min-height:44px;color:var(--white);font:inherit;cursor:pointer;justify-content:center;align-items:center;padding:.8rem 1.05rem;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;transition:background-color .16s ease-in-out,border-color .16s ease-in-out,color .16s ease-in-out,transform .16s ease-in-out;display:inline-flex}button:hover,.button:hover{background:var(--primary-strong);border-color:var(--primary-strong);color:var(--white);transform:translateY(-1px)}.button.secondary{color:var(--primary);border-color:var(--line);background:0 0}.button.secondary:hover{background:var(--surface);color:var(--primary);border-color:var(--primary)}.skip-link{z-index:30;border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--ink);color:var(--white);padding:.7rem .95rem;position:absolute;top:1rem;left:1rem;transform:translateY(-150%)}.skip-link:focus{transform:translateY(0)}.site-header-wrap{z-index:20;backdrop-filter:blur(12px);background:#f5f4f0eb;border-bottom:1px solid #d8ddd8e6;position:sticky;top:0}.site-header,.site-footer,.hero,.tool-hero,.section,.article-shell,.narrow-page,.calculator-section{width:min(var(--content-max), calc(100% - 32px));margin:0 auto}.site-header{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:1rem;min-height:74px;padding:.9rem 0;display:flex}.brand{color:var(--ink);align-items:center;gap:.8rem;font-family:Archivo,ui-sans-serif,sans-serif;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.brand.compact{align-items:flex-start}.brand-mark{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--primary);width:40px;height:40px;color:var(--white);box-shadow:var(--shadow-sm);place-items:center;display:inline-grid}.brand-copy{gap:.1rem;display:grid}.brand-copy small{color:var(--muted);font-family:"Source Sans 3",ui-sans-serif,sans-serif;font-size:.84rem;font-weight:600}.main-nav,.footer-nav,.article-trust-links,.author-links{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.75rem 1rem;display:flex}.main-nav{color:var(--muted);font-weight:700}.main-nav a,.footer-nav a,.author-links a,.article-trust-links a{text-decoration:none}.hero,.tool-hero-grid,.calculator-section,.two-column-copy,.article-layout{gap:1.25rem;display:grid}.hero{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.04fr) minmax(320px,.96fr);align-items:start;min-height:clamp(520px,76vh,700px);padding:1.75rem 0 2rem}.hero-copy,.hero-support-panel,.tool-card,.content-card,.stat-card,.info-card,.support-card,.calculator-panel,.formula-panel,.step-card,.article-toc,.author-box,.content-panel,.legal-panel{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);background:var(--surface);box-shadow:var(--shadow-sm)}.hero-copy{box-shadow:var(--shadow-md);align-content:start;gap:1.3rem;padding:2rem;display:grid}.hero-copy>p:not(.eyebrow),.tool-hero-copy>p:not(.eyebrow),.section-heading p,.stat-card p:not(.stat-label):not(.stat-value),.tool-card p,.content-card p,.formula-panel p,.info-card p,.support-card p,.step-card p,.article-header p:not(.eyebrow),.article-content p,.article-content li,.author-box p,.narrow-page p,.detail-list li,.footer-intro p{color:var(--muted)}.hero-actions{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.75rem;display:flex}.hero-chip-row,.tool-meta,.article-meta,.hub-stat-list,.jump-links,.toc-links,.card-meta{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.65rem .75rem;display:flex}.hero-chip-row span,.meta-pill,.hub-stat-list span,.jump-links a,.toc-links a{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--surface);min-height:36px;color:var(--muted);overflow-wrap:anywhere;border-radius:999px;align-items:center;padding:.45rem .7rem;font-size:.9rem;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.meta-pill,.card-link{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.card-link,.section-link a{color:var(--primary);font-weight:700;text-decoration:none}.hero-support{gap:1rem;display:grid}.hero-support img,.tool-hero-side img,.tool-card img{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);background:var(--surface-2);width:100%;box-shadow:var(--shadow-md)}.hero-support-panel,.support-card,.formula-panel,.info-card,.step-card,.article-toc,.author-box{align-content:start;gap:.8rem;padding:1.15rem;display:grid}.eyebrow{color:var(--accent);letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:700}.section{padding:1rem 0 3rem}.section-heading{gap:.55rem;max-width:760px;margin-bottom:1.25rem;display:grid}.stat-grid,.tool-grid,.guide-grid,.info-grid,.tool-story-grid,.next-steps-grid{gap:1rem;display:grid}.stat-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}.stat-card{gap:.35rem;min-height:160px;padding:1.2rem;display:grid}.stat-label{color:var(--accent);letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.8rem;font-weight:700}.stat-value{color:var(--ink);font-family:Archivo,ui-sans-serif,sans-serif;font-size:2rem;line-height:1}.tool-grid,.guide-grid,.info-grid,.tool-story-grid,.next-steps-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}.tool-card,.content-card{min-width:0;transition:border-color .16s ease-in-out,box-shadow .16s ease-in-out,transform .16s ease-in-out;display:grid;overflow:hidden}.tool-card:hover,.content-card:hover{box-shadow:var(--shadow-md);border-color:#1f3f3766;transform:translateY(-2px)}.tool-card img{aspect-ratio:3/2;object-fit:cover;border:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);box-shadow:none;border-radius:0}.card-body,.content-card{padding:1.15rem}.content-card{align-content:start;gap:.85rem}.tool-card h3 a,.content-card h3 a{text-decoration:none}.card-meta{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-top:.25rem}.card-meta .meta-pill{min-height:32px;font-size:.83rem}.tool-hero{padding:2rem 0 1rem}.tool-hero-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(320px,.9fr);align-items:start}.tool-hero-copy{align-content:start;gap:1rem;padding-top:.35rem;display:grid}.tool-hero-copy h1,.article-header h1,.narrow-page h1{max-width:14ch}.tool-hero-side{gap:1rem;display:grid}.calculator-section{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.05fr) minmax(300px,.95fr);align-items:start;padding:1.5rem 0 2rem}.calculator-panel,.formula-panel{padding:1.25rem}.panel-intro{gap:.45rem;margin-bottom:1rem;display:grid}.panel-intro p:not(.eyebrow){color:var(--muted)}.calculator{gap:1rem;display:grid}.calculator-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:.85rem;display:grid}.calculator label{color:var(--ink);gap:.35rem;font-weight:700;display:grid}.calculator label span{color:var(--muted);font-size:.84rem;font-weight:600}.calculator input{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--surface);width:100%;min-height:46px;color:var(--ink);font:inherit;padding:.7rem .8rem}.calculator input:focus{outline-offset:2px;border-color:var(--secondary);outline:2px solid #315f7838}.calculator-result{border:1px solid #c7643a47;border-left:4px solid var(--accent);border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--surface-2);min-height:98px;color:var(--ink);padding:1rem;display:block}.readable{max-width:72ch}.two-column-copy{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.12fr) minmax(280px,.88fr);align-items:start}.copy-stack{gap:1rem;display:grid}.info-list,.detail-list{gap:.65rem;margin:0;padding-left:1.2rem;display:grid}.compact-list{gap:.45rem}.step-card{min-height:150px}.step-number{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--surface-2);width:40px;height:40px;color:var(--primary);place-items:center;font-family:IBM Plex Mono,ui-monospace,monospace;font-weight:600;display:inline-grid}.faq-section{padding-top:.5rem}.faq-list{gap:.85rem;display:grid}details{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);background:var(--surface);box-shadow:var(--shadow-sm);padding:1rem 1.1rem}summary{cursor:pointer;font-family:Archivo,ui-sans-serif,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;font-weight:600}details p{color:var(--muted);margin-top:.75rem}.breadcrumbs{color:var(--muted);flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.45rem;margin-bottom:1rem;font-size:.92rem;display:flex}.breadcrumbs a{text-decoration:none}.article-shell{padding:2rem 0 1rem}.article-header{gap:1rem;max-width:840px;margin-bottom:1.5rem;display:grid}.article-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(240px,.34fr) minmax(0,.66fr);align-items:start}.article-sidebar{align-content:start;gap:1rem;display:grid;position:sticky;top:96px}.article-main{min-width:0}.article-meta a{text-decoration:none}.article-content{gap:1rem;padding:1.25rem 0 2rem;display:grid}.article-content h2{margin-top:1rem;font-size:clamp(1.6rem,3vw,2.1rem)}.article-content h3{margin-top:.35rem}.article-content ul,.article-content ol{padding-left:1.3rem}.article-content blockquote{border-left:4px solid var(--secondary);border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--surface);color:var(--muted);padding:1rem}.article-content table{border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);background:var(--surface);width:100%;overflow:hidden}.article-content th,.article-content td{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);text-align:left;vertical-align:top;padding:.8rem .9rem}.article-content th{background:var(--surface-2)}.article-toc{padding:1rem 1.05rem}.toc-links{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.toc-links a{min-height:auto;color:var(--primary);background:0 0;border:0;border-radius:0;padding:0;font-size:.94rem;font-weight:700}.author-box h2{font-size:1.25rem}.guide-hub-intro,.narrow-page{gap:1rem;display:grid}.guide-hub-intro{padding-top:2rem}.author-grid{gap:1rem;display:grid}.trust-shell{grid-template-columns:minmax(240px,.34fr) minmax(0,.66fr);align-items:start;gap:1rem;display:grid}.trust-sidebar,.trust-main{gap:1rem;display:grid}.trust-sidebar{position:sticky;top:96px}.trust-main{min-width:0}.trust-summary,.trust-panel{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius-lg);background:var(--surface);box-shadow:var(--shadow-sm);gap:.8rem;padding:1.15rem;display:grid}.trust-summary p,.trust-panel p,.trust-panel li,.trust-link-list li{color:var(--muted)}.trust-summary a{overflow-wrap:anywhere}.trust-link-list{gap:.65rem;margin:0;padding-left:1.2rem;display:grid}.trust-link-list a{color:var(--primary);font-weight:700;text-decoration:none}.trust-chip-list{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.65rem;display:flex}.trust-chip-list span{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--surface);min-height:34px;color:var(--muted);border-radius:999px;align-items:center;padding:.42rem .7rem;font-size:.88rem;font-weight:600;display:inline-flex}.trust-checklist{gap:.65rem;margin:0;padding-left:1.2rem;display:grid}.trust-checklist li{color:var(--muted)}.trust-panel h2{font-size:1.55rem}.trust-meta{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.65rem;display:flex}.trust-meta .meta-pill{min-height:34px}.author-card h2{font-size:1.45rem}.jump-links a:hover,.meta-pill:hover{color:var(--primary)}.narrow-page{max-width:860px;padding:3rem 0 4rem}.narrow-page h2,.legal h2{margin-top:1rem;font-size:1.5rem}.legal,.narrow-page{color:var(--ink)}.site-footer-wrap{border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:2rem}.site-footer{grid-template-columns:minmax(260px,1fr) minmax(320px,1.2fr);gap:1.5rem;padding:2rem 0 3rem;display:grid}.footer-intro{gap:.8rem;display:grid}.footer-columns{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:1rem;display:grid}.footer-nav{align-content:start}.ad-slot{text-align:center;width:min(970px,100% - 32px);margin:.5rem auto 2rem;display:block;overflow:hidden}.ad-slot[hidden]{display:none}.ad-slot .adsbygoogle{display:block}@media (width<=1024px){.hero,.tool-hero-grid,.calculator-section,.two-column-copy,.article-layout,.trust-shell,.site-footer{grid-template-columns:1fr}.stat-grid,.tool-grid,.guide-grid,.info-grid,.tool-story-grid,.next-steps-grid,.footer-columns{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.article-sidebar,.trust-sidebar{position:static}.hero{min-height:auto}}@media (width<=780px){.site-header,.site-footer,.hero,.tool-hero,.section,.article-shell,.narrow-page,.calculator-section{width:min(var(--content-max), calc(100% - 24px))}.site-header{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.hero,.tool-hero{padding-top:1.5rem}.stat-grid,.tool-grid,.guide-grid,.info-grid,.tool-story-grid,.next-steps-grid,.footer-columns,.calculator-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hero-actions,.hero-actions .button{width:100%}.card-meta{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}}